People

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Greek Genocide Resource Center

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Writing A Book

Foreign Correspondent

Herbert Adams Gibbons (1880-1934)

Herbert Adams Gibbons (1880-1934) was born in Annapolis, Maryland USA. He was a journalist and a foreign correspondent who worked throughout Europe, the Orient and Africa. As a correspondent for the Christian Science Monitor, Gibbons wrote a number of pieces between May-July 1922 describing the treatment of Ottoman Greeks. His testimony appears on our website.

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Antonios I. Gavriilidis

Antonios Gavriilidis was a tobacco merchant from Bafra in northern Turkey. During the genocide, he was deported by the Kemalists to Malatya situated 600km deep in the interior of the country. He was able to escape and later wrote his memoir in a book titled Η Μαυρη Εθνική Συμφωρά του Πόντου [The Dark National Tragedy of Pontus].

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Pavlos Papadopoulos, Director of the Ottoman Bank, Samsun

Pavlos Papadopoulos of Samsun was the Director of the Ottoman Bank at Samsun. He was hanged on the 21st of September 1921 by order of the Independence Tribunals at Amasya. The Independence Tribunals otherwise known as Courts of Independence (Tr: İstiklal Mahkemeleri) were established in areas under the control of the Kemalist Nationalist government, initially to prosecute political opponents of Mustafa Kemal.

Ambrosios Pleianthidis (1872-1922)

Ambrosios Pleianthidis was the Metropolitan of Mosconisi. In September 1922, after the destruction of Smyrna by Kemalist forces, Ambrosios was arrested by the Kemalists along with other clerics and citizens. He died a martyr on the 15th of September 1922 just outside of Ayvalik where he was buried alive along with nine other clerics.

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University Of Birmingham

Rutgers University

The Great Fire

Oxford University Press

Black Books

Black Sea

Pelopidas Epifanidis (Doctor, Samsun)

Pelopidas Epifanidis, a Greek doctor from Samsun in Asia Minor was hanged on the 8th of Sep 1921 by order of the Independence Tribunals at Amasya. Photo: Ei Mavri Ethniki Simfora tou Pontou 1914-1922. A. Gavriilidis. Athens 1924.

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Félix Sartiaux (1876-1934)

Sartiaux was sent to Asia Minor by the French Government to conduct archaeological excavations at the ancient town of Eski Foça (Old Phocaea). On his second trip to Foça in 1914, he witnessed the violent pillage and looting of the town and the massacre of its residents. Sartiaux, accompanied by three assistants, made four French flags and hoisted them on their houses which provided refuge to fleeing and panic stricken Greeks.

Ambrosios Pleianthidis (1872-1922)

In September 1922, after the destruction of Smyrna by Kemalist forces, Ambrosios was arrested by the Kemalists along with other clerics and citizens. He died a martyr on the 15th of September 1922 just outside of Ayvalik where he was buried alive along with nine other clerics. On the 4th of November 1922, he was proclaimed a saint by the Greek church. Photo top right: Greek Priests Buried Alive by the Turks. Grand Forks Herald, 2 Nov. 1922.

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Apostolos Koskinides was born in Konya in 1897 to an Anatolian Greek family. He worked as a pharmacist's apprentice to pay high school tuition. When the pharmacist was drafted into the Ottoman Army in 1914, he was left in charge of the business. Soon, Koskinides was also drafted into the army and became an interpreter for prisoners of war. This assignment likely saved his life since most Greeks and Armenians who were drafted into the Ottoman Army were massacred.